Because I don't have enough notes.
- Main Idea
- Many Germanic
kingdoms that succeeded the Roman Empire were reunited under
Charlemagne's empire
- Why it matters
- Charlemagne
spread Christian civilization throughout northern Europe, which is where
many of use came from
- Setting the Stage
- Middle Ages =
Medieval period
- 500-1500 AD
- Medieval Europe is
fragmented
- Invasions trigger changes in
western Europe
- Invasions and
constant warfare spark new trends
- Disruption of
trade
- Europe cities
are no longer economic centers
- Money is scarce
- Downfall of cities
- Cities are no
longer centers of administration
- Population shifts
- Nobles retreat
to the rural areas
- Cities don't have strong
leadership
- Decline of Learning
- Germanic
invaders are illiterate, but they communicate through oral tradition
- Only priests and church
officials could read and write
- Knowledge of Greek (and
literature, science, philosophy) is almost lost
- Loss of a common language
- Dialects develop
in different regions
- By the 800's, French,
Spanish, other Roman-based languages are evolving from Latin
- Germanic kingdoms emerge
- The concept of
government changes
- Roman society:
loyal to public gov't
- Germanic society: loyal to
family
- Germanic chief
led warriors
- During peace, he provided
food, weapons, treasure, a place to live (the lords hall)
- During wartime, warriors
fought for the lord
- "The king? Who's that?
You want to collect taxes from me? Who the heck are you?"
- Franks live in the Roman
province of Gaul- their leader is Clovis
- The franks under Clovis
- Another
battlefield conversion (Just like Constantine!)
- Clovis and 3000 of his
warriors are baptized by the bishop
- The church in Rome approves
of the "alliance"
- Clovis and the Church begin
to work together
- Clovis military expertise +
the church's support and money = strategic alliances between two powerful
forces!
- Germanic people adopt
Christianity
- (Pope) Gregory I
expands papal power
- Papacy = pope's
office
- Secular power = worldly
power
- So..under Gregory the
great….
- Papal Power (power of the
pope) is political power presented from the Pope's palace
- The church can use money to:
- Raise armies
- Repair roads
- Help the poor
- Gregory the Great began to
act as mayor of Rome, and as head of an earthly kingdom (Christendom)
- 511AD - Clovis unites Franks
into one kingdom
- 600AD - Church and Frankish
rulers convert many
- Fear of Muslims in southern
Europe spur many to become Christians
- Monasteries and convents
- 520 AD -
Benedict wrote the rules for monks and monasteries
- Poverty,
chastity, obedience, study
- His sister Scholastica did
the same for nuns in convents
- 731 AD - the Venerable Bede
wrote a killer history of England
- Monks opened schools,
maintains libraries, and copied books (Bibles, Greek texts)
- A European Empire Evolves
- Franks control
largest European kingdom
- The roman
province formerly known as Gaul
- Ruled b Clovis - the
Merovinigan Dynasty
- Major domo- mayor of the
palace - ruled the kingdom
- Charles Martel - Charles the
Hammer
- Extended the
Franks reign to the north south and east
- Defeated a Muslim army from
Spain at the Battle of Yours in 732 - historic battle
- Charles the Hammer's son -
Pepin the Short
- Possibly named
for his unusual short haircut
- Working for and with the
pope, Pepin fought the Lombards
- Pope Stephen II named Pepin
"king by the grace of God" - beginning the Carolingian Dynasty
751 -987 AD
- The pope can name someone
"king"
- Pepin the Short had two
sons: Carolman and Charles
- Carolman dies
- Charlemagne takes center
stage
- Charlemagne -
aka Charles the Great
- Six foot four
- Built the greatest empire
since Rome
- Fought the Muslims in Spain
- Fought Germanic tribes
- Spread Christianity
- Reunited Western Europe
- Became the most powerful
king in Western Europe
- Pope Leo III crowned him
emperor in 800 AD after he defended him from an unruly Roman mob
- This signaled the joining
of Germanic power, the Church, and the heritage of the Roman Empire
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