Ruler of the Emperors

Assassination and Another Caesar

• Caesar managed to secure a vote from senate to make him dictator for life
• Caesar became too powerful, so they needed to take him down as they did all great tyrants, assassination.
• The senate invited him to the Senate house where they stabbed him with daggers
• The death of Caesar created an outrage and there were new people trying to establish power
• Mark Antony and Octavian
• Marcus Lepidus and Octavian defeated Brutus and Cassius in the battle for Rome
• Julius Caesar was declared a "Divine Being"
• He was not a God, but was far above any mortal
• The land was divided so Octavian was based around Rome, Lepidus in the North Africa, and Antony in Alexandria.
• Octavian pushed Lepidus out of power
• This led to a battle between Octavian and Antony for Greece, where Octavian won and Antony went to Egypt

• Augustus's government system became similar to the popular Roman Republic
• The Romans based their work off of the Greeks, but improved it immensely
• "The era of the Roman Peace was one of massive social, religious, and cultural changes that would form a new pattern of Western civilization"
• Made soldiers volunteer for reform
• Augustus- title given to emperor
• Roman Peace- relative stability and prosperity that Roman rule brought to the Mediterranean